Electronic speed controller
From RC Helicopter Wiki
The ESC is an electronic component that connects to the throttle channel of the receiver on an electric-powered model. The device receives inputs from the receiver and thus controls the motor it’s attached to. A brushed speed controller has two wires, one positive and one negative, and works by varying the voltage that it supplies to the motor. A brushless ESC has three motor wires and sends a pulse train to the motor which then moves accordingly. These pulses are timed in such a way as to precisely control the motor’s RPM and other functions. An ESC must be rated high enough to handle the maximum amount of amperage expected to be drawn by the motor at any given time.
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